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文章依托新疆某在建引水隧洞，开展“TBM引水隧洞格构式高性能潮喷纤维混凝土支护结构足尺试验”，揭示了隧道支护结构内、外侧高性能潮喷纤维混凝土强度差异和强度离散性分布规律，并与干喷法、湿喷法和模筑混凝土作比较，进而确定依托工程高性能潮喷纤维混凝土支护结构的强度离散等级。结果表明：高性能潮喷纤维混凝土支护结构内侧强度均值为54.34 MPa，且内侧不同部位的强度均匀性好，83.3%条带的强度离散等级为低；支护结构外侧强度均值为44.93 MPa，且外侧不同部位的强度均匀性较好，58.3%条带的离散等级为低；造成结构外侧的强度值及其均匀性均差于结构内侧的原因主要包括外模板刚度不足和钢架的遮挡作用，由此带来结构外侧相较内侧存在骨料分布不均、密实度较低和表面层均为浮浆层等问题。研究通过潮喷料预加水和减水剂、速凝剂水溶液单管掺入、加长喷嘴等改进工艺形成的高性能潮喷纤维混凝土结构强度离散性，明显低于常规干喷、湿喷形成的混凝土。研究成果可为今后类似工程结构的施工与设计提供借鉴。
Abstract：[Objective] The performance of concrete directly affects the stability and safety of tunnel support structures. However, shotcrete—widely used for tunnel initial support—has drawbacks such as low strength, poor uniformity, and limited durability. To address these issues, this study, based on an ongoing Tunnel Boring Machine(TBM) water diversion tunnel project in Xinjiang, conducts a full-scale test of a tunnel support structure using high-performance fiber-reinforced wet-mix shotcrete. The study examines strength differences and dispersion characteristics of the shotcrete on the inner and outer sides of the support structure. By comparing these results with those of dry-mix shotcrete, conventional wet-mix shotcrete, and cast concrete, the strength dispersion grade of the support structure constructed with high-performance fiber-reinforced wet-mix shotcrete used in this project is determined. [Methods] A rebound tester was used to measure the compressive strength of high-performance fiber-reinforced wet-mix shotcrete. Based on the average of the 16 rebound values in each measurement area, after discarding 3 maximum and 3 minimum values, the coefficient was corrected using the measured strength obtained through core-drilling sampling. The estimated strength values of each measurement area on the inner and outer sides of the structure were then organized, and the average strength, maximum value, minimum value, range, variance, standard deviation, coefficient of variation, and other indicators at different heights and in different strips were calculated and analyzed. [Results] The results indicate that the average compressive strength of the high-performance fiber-reinforced wet-mix concrete support structure on the inner side is 54.34 MPa, with good strength uniformity across different sections, and 83.3% of the strips exhibit low strength dispersion. For the outer side, the average compressive strength is 44.93 MPa, also showing relatively uniform strength distribution, with 58.3% of the strips classified as low dispersion. The inferior strength values and uniformity on the outer side compared to the inner side are primarily attributed to insufficient stiffness of the outer formwork and the shielding effect of the steel framework, leading to issues such as uneven aggregate distribution, lower compaction, and a surface layer of floating mortar. [Conclusions] Through improved techniques like pre-mixing water and admixtures(including water-reducing agents and accelerators) via single-tube injection, as well as extended nozzles, the high-performance fiber-reinforced wet-mix concrete support structure demonstrates significantly lower strength dispersion than conventional dry-mix or wet-mix concrete. These findings provide valuable insights for the construction and design of similar engineering structures in future projects.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.16791/j.cnki.sjg.2025.12.006
中图分类号:TV554
引用信息:
[1]章慧健,严志成,王立川,等.基于高性能潮喷纤维混凝土的隧洞支护结构强度离散性试验研究[J].实验技术与管理,2025,42(12):45-53.DOI:10.16791/j.cnki.sjg.2025.12.006.
基金信息:
中铁十八局集团有限公司科技开发项目(CR18GK-25-22,G23-07-S); 国家自然科学基金项目(52178395)